Hanriot HD.3

HD.3 and HD.4

National origin: France
Manufacturer: Hanriot
Designed by: Emile Dupont
First flight: June 1917
Primary users: Aéronautique Militaire Aéronautique Maritime
Number built: ca. 90

The Hanriot HD.3 was a two-seat fighter aircraft produced in France during World War One. Similar in appearance to a scaled-up HD.1, it was a conventional, single-bay biplane with staggered wings of equal span. The pilot and gunner sat in tandem, open cockpits and the main units of the fixed tailskid undercarriage were linked by a cross-axle. Short struts braced the fuselage sides to the lower wing.

Flight testing revealed excellent performance, and the French government ordered 300 of the type in 1918, in preparation for a major offensive the following year. When the war ended, the contract was cancelled with around 75 aircraft having been delivered to the Aéronautique Militaire and at least 15 to the Aéronautique Maritime. One example was delivered to the Aéronautique Maritime in summer 1918 equipped with twin float undercarriage and a larger tailfin; it was intended that this would be the prototype of a dedicated floatplane fighter designated HD.4, but the war ended before any further development took place. The Armistice also led to the abandonment of a dedicated night fighter variant, the HD.3bis, with enlarged and balanced ailerons and rudder and with a wing of increased section.

After the war, one of the navy's machines was used for trials aboard the new aircraft carrier Béarn, while another was used for floatation tests at the Isle of Grain.

Variants

HD.3

HD.3.C 2

Main production version

HD.3bis.CN 2 Nightfighter prototype with thick wing section and revised control surfaces (1 built)

HD.4

HD.4 Floatplane derivative of HD.3. One built.

HD.5

HD.5.C 2 Two-seat fighter, powered by a 300-hp (224-kW) Hispano-Suzia 8Fb engine. Only one was ever built.

HD.6

HD.6.C 2 Enlarged two-seat fighter protoype, powered by a 530-hp (395-kW) Salmson 18Z radial piston engine. Only one was ever built, not demonstrating significantly better performance than the HD.3.

HD.9

HD.9.Ap 1 Single-seat photo-reconnaissance biplane, powered by a 260-hp (194-kW) Salmson 9Za radial piston engine. Ten evaluation aircraft were ordered, with the first completed in November 1918.

Operators

France

Specifications (HD.3)

General characteristics

Crew: Two, pilot and gunner
Length: 6.95 m (22 ft 10 in)
Wingspan: 9.00 m (29 ft 6 in)
Height: 3.00 m (9 ft 10 in)
Wing area: 25.5 m² (274 ft²)
Empty weight: 760 kg (1,675 lb)
Gross weight: 1,180 kg (2,600 lb)
Powerplant: 1 x— Salmson 9Za, 195 kW (260 hp)

Performance

Maximum speed: 192 km/h (119 mph)
Endurance: 2 hours
Service ceiling: 5,700 m (18,700 ft)
Rate of climb: 4.1 m/s (800 ft/min)

Armament

2 x— fixed, forward-firing .303 Vickers machine guns
2 x— trainable, rearward-firing .303 Lewis guns

Bruce, J.M. (1972). War Planes of the First World War: Volume Five Fighters. London: Macdonald. ISBN 356 03779 7.
Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. pp. 469.
World Aircraft Information Files. London: Bright Star Publishing. pp. File 896 Sheet 11.

Hanriot HD.3 Pictures and Hanriot HD.3 for Sale.

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Source: WikiPedia