Hermann von der Lieth-Thomsen

Place of birth: Flensburg, Prussia
Place of death: Sylt
Resting place: Invalidenfriedhof Cemetery, Berlin
Allegiance: German Empire
Nazi Germany
Years of service: 1888 - 1919
1935 - 1942
Rank: General of Flying (General der Flieger)
Battles/wars: World War I
World War II
Awards: Pour le Mérite
Relations: Joachim von der Lieth-Thomsen

General Hermann von der Lieth-Thomsen, born Hermann Thomsen, (10 March 1867 - 5 May 1942) was a German military aviation pioneer, a senior air commander in the Imperial German Army Air Service during World War I and a founding father of the German military aviation.

Early life and military career

Hermann Thomsen was born on 10 March 1867 in Flensburg which had recently been lost by the Kingdom of Denmark and incorporated into Prussia. Lieth-Thomsen joined the Prussian Army in 1888, serving first as a pioneer officer.

In January 1908 the German General Staff established a technical staff to monitor foreign and domestic progress in aviation, motorized transport and telegraphy. Captain Thomsen was appointed as its head, serving under Erich Ludendorff. Thomsen served on the General Staff until February 1914 when he was transferred to the staff of the 2nd Railway Regiment. However, he was soon transferred again and at the start of August Thomsen took up post as the Investigation Officer for Airship Guidance at Posen.

World War I

In March 1915 Thomsen was appointed Chief of Field Air Forces (Chef des Feldflugwesens) for the entire German Army. At this stage he held the rank of major which was far more junior than the rank of his opposite numbers in the Royal Flying Corps. In October the following year, with the reorganization of the German Army Air Services into the Luftstreitkrx¤fte, Thomsen, by now a lieutenant-colonel, was named Chief of Staff to Ernst von Hoeppner, the newly appointed Commanding General of the Air Service. He served as the Luftstreitkrx¤fte Chief of Staff until after the end of World War I.

In 1917 Thomsen was awarded the Pour le Mérite even though as a senior commander he was not directly involved in air combat. The award was resented by some of his junior officers. His son, Joachim von der Lieth-Thomsen, was hit by a ship, while he was flying over the Thames Estuary, and ended the war as a POW.

Inter-war years

After close of World War I, Germany was required to disestablish her Air Services. Lieth-Thomsen served in the Aviation Department of the Prussian War Ministry during January and February 1919 and was then assigned to other duties at the War Ministry. However, he resigned his position and retired from military service in August 1919.

In the 1920s Lieth-Thomsen actively participated in the German efforts to build a secret Air Force in the Soviet Union. In 1923 he first made contact with the Soviets and in 1925 he was instrumental in establishing the German military mission in the Soviet Union.

During the 1920s he developed serious eye problems which eventually led to his blindness. In 1928 he moved back to the island of Sylt in his native Schleswig.

Luftwaffe service

Picture - von der Lieth-Thomsen's gravestone in the Invalidenfriedhof Cemetery

Despite his blindness, when the Luftwaffe was established in 1935 under Hermann Gx¶ring, Lieth-Thomsen re-entered military service as Head of the Military Science at the Reich Air Ministry. He was granted the rank of major-general. He held this post until his death in 1942, receiving promotions to lieutenant-general and General of Flying (General der Flieger) before the outbreak of World War II.

Hermann von der Lieth-Thomsen died on 5 May 1942 in Sylt and was buried in the Invalidenfriedhof Cemetery in Berlin.

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Source: WikiPedia