North American F-107

F-107

Role: Fighter-bomber
National origin: United States
Manufacturer: North American Aviation
First flight: 10 September 1956
Retired: 25 November 1957
Status: Did not enter mass-production
Primaryusers: United States Air Force NACA
Number built: 3
Program cost: US$105.8 million
Developed from: F-100 Super Sabre

The North American F-107 was North American Aviation's (NAA) entry in a United States Air Force tactical fighter-bomber design competition of the 1950s. The F-107 incorporated many innovations and radical design features, and was based on the F-100 Super Sabre. The competition was eventually won by the F-105 Thunderchief, and the F-107 prototypes ended their lives as test aircraft.

Design and development

In June 1953, North American initiated an in-house study of advanced F-100 designs, leading to proposed interceptor (NAA 211: F-100BI denoting "interceptor") and fighter-bomber (NAA 212: F-100B) variants. Concentrating on the F-100B, the preliminary engineering and design work focused on a tactical fighter-bomber configuration, featuring a recessed weapons bay under the fuselage and provision for six hardpoints underneath the wings. Single-point refuelling capability was provided while a retractable tailskid was installed. An all-moving vertical fin and an automated flight control system was incorporated which permitted the aircraft to roll at supersonic speeds using spoilers. The flight control system was upgraded by the addition of pitch and yaw dampers.

Picture - A side-view photograph of the F-107A

The aircraft's most distinguishing feature is its dorsal-mounted Variable Area Inlet Duct (VAID). While the VAID was a system unique to the F-107A, it was an early form of a variable geometry intake ramp which automatically controlled the amount of air fed to the jet engine. Although the preliminary design of the air intake was originally located in a chin position under the fuselage (an arrangement later adopted for the F-16), the air intake was eventually mounted in an unconventional position directly above and just behind the cockpit. The VAID system proved to be very efficient and NAA used the design concept on their A-5, XB-70 aircraft and XF-108 Rapier designs.

The air intake was in the unusual dorsal location as the USAF had required the carriage of an underbelly semi-conformal nuclear weapon. The original chin intake caused a shock wave that interfered in launching this weapon. The implications this had for the survivability of the pilot during ejection were troubling. It also severely limited view to the rear. Although this was not considered terribly important for a tactical fighter-bomber aircraft, it is characteristic of the era, when it was assumed air combat would be via guided missile exchanges outside visual range.

In August 1954, a contract was signed for three prototypes along with a pre-production order for six additional airframes.

Designation and names

Extensive design changes resulted in its redesignation from F-100B to F-107A before the first prototype flew. The F-107 was never given an official name, but was sometimes informally called the "Super Super Sabre" referring to North American's earlier fighter design, the F-100 Super Sabre. The flight crews referred to it as the "man eater", in reference to the position of the air intake directly above the cockpit.

The designation "F-107A" was the only one assigned to the aircraft, though "YF-107A" is often used in publications.

Operational history

Picture - An F-107A in flight

The first F-107A (s/n 55-5118) with North American's chief test pilot Bob Baker at the controls, made its initial flight on 10 September 1956, attaining Mach1.03. Although successfully carrying out its flight, the brake chute did not deploy, which resulted in a "hot" landing with the nose gear strut breaking. The aircraft first achieved Mach2 in tests on 3 November 1956.

The second F-107A (s/n 55-5119) made its first flight was on 28 November 1956. It was used for weapons testing with both conventional and atomic bombs. The last prototype, (s/n 55-5120) had its maiden flight on 10 December 1956.

At the conclusion of the F-107A's successful test program, the Tactical Air Command decided to hold a fly-off competition between the F-107A and the Republic F-105 which was designed to same mission requirements and used the same engine. Although the competition was close, the F-105 was selected as the new standard TAC tactical fighter. The three F-107A prototypes were relegated to test flying while the pre-production order was cancelled.

In late 1957, prototypes #1 and #3 were leased to the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA) for high-speed flight research, while aircraft #2 was flown on 25 November 1957 to the National Museum of the United States Air Force near Dayton, Ohio. In September 1959, with Scott Crossfield at the controls, aircraft #3 was damaged during an aborted takeoff. The aircraft was not repaired and, ultimately, it was used for fire fighting training and was destroyed in the early '60s.

Survivors

Aircraft #1 (s/n 55-5118) is currently on display at the Pima Air and Space Museum in Tucson, Arizona.
Aircraft #2 (s/n 55-5119) is on display in the experimental aircraft hangar at the National Museum of the United States Air Force in Dayton, Ohio. It was delivered to the museum in 1957.

Specifications (F-107A)

Data from

General characteristics

Crew: 1
Length: 61 ft 10 in (18.85 m)
Wingspan: 36 ft 7 in (11.15 m)
Height: 19 ft 8 in (5.89 m)
Wing area: 376 ft² (35 m²)
Empty weight: 22,696 lb (10,295 kg)
Loaded weight: 39,755 lb (18,033 kg)
Max takeoff weight: 41,537 lb (18,841 kg)
Powerplant: 1x— Pratt & Whitney YJ75-P-9 turbojet, 24,500 lbf (109 kN)

Performance

Maximum speed: Mach 2+
Range: 2,428 mi (2,109 nmi, 3,885 km)
Service ceiling: 53,200 ft (16,220 m)
Rate of climb: 39,900 ft/min (203 m/s)
Wing loading: 106 lb/ft² (516 kg/m²)
Thrust/weight: 0.62

Armament

Bombs: 10,000 lb (4,500 kg)

Related development

North American F-100 Super Sabre

Comparable aircraft

F-105 Thunderchief
F-4 Phantom II

Bibliography

Angelucci, Enzo and Peter Bowers. The American Fighter: the Definite Guide to American Fighter Aircraft from 1917 to the Present. New York: Orion Books, 1987. ISBN 0-51756-588-9.
Baugher, Joe. "North American F-100B/F-107." American Military Aircraft, 27 November 1999. Retrieved: 13 December 2007.
"F-107A: The Ultimate Sabre DVD." Georgetown, Texas: Flightline rocket.aero, 2005.
Jones, Lloyd S.U.S. Fighters: Army Air-Force 1925 to 1980s. Fallbrook, California: Aero Publishers, Inc., 1975. ISBN 0-8168-9201-6.
Pace, Steve. "Supersonic Cavaliers." Airpower, Volume 16, no. 6, November 1986.
Simone, William J. North American F-107A. Simi Valley, California: Ginter Publishing, 2002. ISBN 0-942612-98-1.
United States Air Force Museum Guidebook. Wright-Patterson AFC, Ohio: Air Force Association, 1975 edition.

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Source: WikiPedia