Role: Fighter
Manufacturer: Avia
Designed by: František Novotný
First flight: 28 September 1938
Number built: 3

The Avia B.35 (RLM designation Av-35) was a fighter aircraft built in Czechoslovakia shortly before World War II. It was designed to meet a 1935 requirement by the Czechoslovakian Air Force for a replacement for their B.534 fighter biplanes. The B.35 was an elegant, low-wing monoplane with a graceful elliptical wing. The fuselage was constructed from welded steel tube, covered in metal ahead of the cockpit and fabric aft, while the wing was of entirely wooden construction. Rather anachronistically, the Air Force specified fixed tailwheel undercarriage for the aircraft, in the hope that this would speed development.

Development

The first prototype, the B.35/1 displayed excellent flying characteristics and high speed and was originally powered by a Hispano-Suiza 12Ydrs piston engine. The powerplant was later changed to a Ycrs with identical power output, but with provision for an autocannon to be fitted between the cylinder banks to fire through the propeller hub. Testing continued until 22 November 1938, when the aircraft was destroyed in a crash that killed Avia test pilot Arnošt Kavalec. Nevertheless, a second prototype was already reaching completion, and was fitted with redesigned ailerons and flaps. It first flew on 30 December with testing beginning in earnest in February 1939. A pre-production series of ten aircraft was ordered, but before these could be built, Czechoslovakia was occupied by Germany in March.

Development resumed under German control, with the substantially revised B.35/3 flying in August 1939. The elliptical leading edges of the wings had been replaced with straight ones, and an outwardly-retracting main undercarriage fitted. This prototype was the first to actually carry its intended armament. Now, wearing German markings and registration D-IPBB, it was displayed at the Salon de l'Aéronautique in Brussels, where enough interest was generated to spur development of an improved version of the aircraft as the B.135

Variants

B-35/1 : First prototype.
B-35/2 : Second prototype.
B-35/3 : Third prototype.

Specifications (B.35/1)

General characteristics

Crew: one pilot
Length: 8.50 m (27 ft 11 in)
Wingspan: 10.85 m (35 ft 7 in)
Height: 2.60 m (8 ft 6 in)
Wing area: 17.00 m˛ (183 ft˛)
Empty weight: 1,690 kg (3,726 lb)
Gross weight: 2,200 kg (4,850 lb)
Powerplant: 1 x— Hispano-Suiza 12Ycrs, 640 kW (860 hp)

Performance

Maximum speed: 495 km/h (308 mph)
Range: 500 km (311 miles)
Rate of climb: 13.0 m/s (2,560 ft/min)

Bibliography

Bx­lý, Miroslav. Avia B-35/B-135 (in Czech/English). Praha, Czech Republic: MBI, 2003. ISBN 80-86524-03-5.
Green, William. War Planes of the Second World War, Fighters, Volume One. London: Macdonald & Co.(Publishers) Ltd., 1960. ISBN 0-356-01445-2.
Taylor, Michael J. H. Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions, 1989.
World Aircraft Information Files. London: Bright Star Publishing. (pages=File 889 Sheet 85)

Living Warbirds: The best warbirds DVD series.

Source: WikiPedia